Supercapasitors: Big Energy Storage in Thin Films

Computational modeling of carbon supercapacitors

Energy storage devices called superapacitors can be recharged many more times than batteries, but the total amount of energy they can store is limited. This means that the devices are useful for providing intense bursts of power to supplement batteries but less so for applications that require steady power over a long period, such as running a laptop or an engine.

Now researchers at Drexel University in Philadelphia have demonstrated that it's possible to use techniques borrowed from the chip-making industry to make thin-film carbon ultracapacitors that store three times as much energy by volume as conventional ultracapacitor materials. While that is not as much as batteries, the thin-film ultracapacitors could operate without ever being replaced.

Big Energy Storage in Thin Films

Audio »

Energy storage devices called superapacitors can be recharged many more times than batteries, but the total amount of energy they can store is limited. This means that the devices are useful for providing intense bursts of power to supplement batteries but less so for applications that require steady power over a long period, such as running a laptop or an engine.

Now researchers at Drexel University in Philadelphia have demonstrated that it's possible to use techniques borrowed from the chip-making industry to make thin-film carbon ultracapacitors that store three times as much energy by volume as conventional ultracapacitor materials. While that is not as much as batteries, the thin-film ultracapacitors could operate without ever being replaced.

These charge-storage films could be fabricated directly onto RFID chips and the chips used in digital watches, where they would take up less space than a conventional battery. They could also be fabricated on the backside of solar cells in both portable devices and rooftop installations, to store power generated during the day for use after sundown. The materials have been licensed by Pennsylvania startup Y-Carbon.

An ultracapacitor is "an electrical energy source that has virtually unlimited lifetime," says Yury Gogotsi, professor of materials science and engineering at Drexel University in Philadelphia, who led the development of the thin-film ultracapacitors. "It will live longer than any electronic device and never needs to be replaced." While batteries store and release energy in the form of chemical reactions, which cause them to degrade over time, ultracapacitors work by transferring surface charges. This means they can charge and discharge rapidly, and because the electrode materials aren't involved in any chemical reactions, they can be cycled hundreds of thousands of times. Researchers have begun developing thin-film ultracapacitor materials but have had difficulty getting high enough total energy storage using practical fabrication methods, says Gogotsi.

Gogotsi's group uses a high-vacuum method called chemical vapor deposition to create thin films of metal carbides such as titanium carbide on the surface of a silicon wafer. The films are then chlorinated to remove the titanium, leaving behind a porous film of carbon. In each place where a titanium atom was, a small pore is left behind. "The film is like a molecular sponge, where the size of each pore is equal to the size of a single ion," says Gogotsi. This matching means that when used as the charge-storage material in an ultracapacitor, the carbon films can accumulate a large amount of total surface charge. The Drexel researchers complete the device by adding metal electrodes to either surface to carry current into and out of the device and adding a liquid electrolyte to carry the charges. They found that the performance of the device is best when the carbon material is about 50 micrometers thick, about the same as the width of a human hair.

The Drexel researchers first developed this ultracapacitor material a few years ago; today in the journal Science they report the first demonstration of thin films made from it. Conventional ultracapacitors are made from powdered activated carbon. These powders can't be used to make large, thin films because they won't stick to the surface. Other groups have developed printable thin-film ultracapacitors based on carbon nanotubes; Gogotsi says his devices can store more charge.

Gogotsi says there is, in theory, no limit to the size of the films that could be made using these methods, which are used by the solar industry and display industries to make panels as large as nine square meters. Because the carbon films are thin and can be made at temperatures as low as 200 ?C, it might be possible to integrate them with flexible electronics.

Source: http://www.technologyreview.com/

RELATED ITEMS:

Group of american researchers from Drexel University created unique supercapacitors »

Pore Size Reduction Increases Energy Stored In Super Capacitors »

11th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials 22 - 27 May 2011 »

AABC Europe. ECCAP Symposium Large EC Capacitor Technology and Application, June 6-10, 2011 Germany »

 

News from MRC.ORG.UA

2024 MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit, Boston, Massachusetts, from December 1-6, 2024

2024 MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit, Poster Session, from left to right: Prof. Yury Gogotsi, Prof. Maksym Pogorielov, Prof. Goknur Buke, Dr. Babak Anasori and Dr. Oleksiy GogotsiDr. Oleksiy Gogotsi, director of MRC and Carbon-Ukraine, innovative companies that are among the leaders on the world MXene market, visited 2024 MRS Fall Meeting & Exhibit. together with Dr. Maksym Pogorielov, Head of Advanced Biomaterials and Biophysics Laboratory, University of Latvia.

 
Our team participated in the 3rd International Conference at Drexel University "MXene: Changing the World", August 5-7, 2024

3rd international MXene Confernce at Drexel University, August 5-7, 2024, Philadelphia, USAMRC and Carbon-Ukraine team visited the 3rd International MXene conference held at Drexel University on August 5-8, 2024. Conference brought together the best reserchers and leading experts on MXene field. 

 
Visit to our project partners from Worcester Polytechnic Institute that joined to ESCULAPE research project consortium

Visiting Functional Biomaterials Lab at Worcester Polytechnic Institute led by Dr. Jeannine Coburne

Looking forward to work together with Dr. Lyubov Titova and Dr. Jeannine Coubourne from Worcester Polytechnic Institute on structural and biomedical applications of MXenes and study of their properties within HORIZON EUROPE MSCA RISE ESCULAPE project!

 
MXenes for biomedical applications: MXene-Polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Antibody Complex as a Strategy for Targeted Ablation of Melanoma

MXene-Polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Antibody Complex fro cancer therapyTogether with colleagues from the University of Latvia, MRC/Carbone Ukraine, Adam Mickiewicz University, University Clinic Essen, and others, we have developed a novel concept involving the binding of antibodies to MXenes. In our research, we utilized anti-CEACAM1 antibodies to develop targeted photo-thermal therapy for melanoma (in vitro), paving the way for future in vivo studies and clinical trials. For the first time, we demonstrate the feasibility of delivering MXenes specifically targeted to melanoma cells, enabling the effective ablation of cancer cells under near-infrared (NIR) light. This new technique opens up vast potential for the application of MXenes in cancer treatment, diagnostics, drug delivery, and many other medical purposes.

 
Looking forward our collaboration with Dr. Vladimir Tsukruk's team from Georgia Tech University in trilateral research project IMPRESS-U on MXene-Based Composite Bio-membranes with Tailored Properties

SSU, MRC and Carbon-Ukraine team visited research group led by Prof. Vladimir Tsukruk from Georgia Tech University, Atlanta, USA

Looking forward our collaboration with Dr. Vladimir Tsukruk's team from Georgia Tech University in trilateral research project IMPRESS-U, involving teams from Ukraine, Latvia, and the United States funded by National Science Foundation (NSF). project is focused on MXene-Based Composite Bio-membranes with Tailored Properties. Can't wait our Kick-off meeting that will be held at Latvias University in Riga with all project participants.

 

 
Our new collaborative research paper with Drexel team on Porous Ti3AlC2 MAX phase enables efficient synthesis of Ti3C2Tx MXene

porous MAX phase technologyIn this study, we have optimized the synthesis of MAX phases for MXene manufacturing. The main purpose of this study is to develop a porous Ti3AlC2MAX phase that can be easily ground into individual grains manually without time-consuming eliminating the need for drilling and intenseball-milling before MXene synthesis. Moreover, we also demonstrate the synthesis of highly porous Ti3AlC2 (about 70%) from an inexpensive raw materials.

 
Novel electrically conductive electrospun PCL‑MXene scaffolds for cardiac tissue regeneration

Scanning electron microscopy image of PCLMXene membranes crosssection (left side) with the representation of EDX line (dotted line) and example of cross-sectional EDX elements line scan (right side)Here we demonstrate a new developed method for depositing Ti3C2Tx MXenes onto hydrophobic electrospun PCL membranes using oxygen plasma treatment. These novel patches hold tremendous potential for providing mechanical support to damaged heart tissue and enabling electrical signal transmission,thereby mimicking the crucial electroconductivity required for normal cardiac function. After a detailed investigation of scaffold-to-cell interplay, including electrical stimulation, novel technology has the potential for clinical application not only for cardiac regeneration, but also as neural and muscular tissue substitutes.

 
Read recently published paper about our collaborative work: MXene Functionalized Kevlar Yarn via Automated, Continuous Dip Coating

MXene Functionalized Kevlar Yarn via Automated,Continuous Dip CoatingThe rise of the Internet of Things has spurred extensive research on integrating conductive materials into textiles to turn them into sensors, antennas, energy storage devices, and heaters. MXenes, owing to their high electrical conductivity and solution processability, offer an efficient way to add conductivity and electronic functions to textiles. Here, a versatile automated yarn dip coater tailored for producing continuously high-quality MXene-coated yarns and conducted the most comprehensive MXene-yarn dip coating study to date is developed. 

 
MX-MAP project secondment visit of Dr. Oleksiy Gogotsi and Veronika Zahorodna from MRC to University of Padova, Italy, October 2023

altMX-MAP project participants from MRC Dr. Oleksiy Gogotsi and Veronika Zahorodna performed split secondment visit to project partner organization University of Padova (Italy). MX-MAP project works on development of the key strategies for MXene medical applications. 

 
CanbioSe Project Meeting and Project Workshop, September 26-27, 2023, Montpellier, France

altCanbioSe Project Meeting and Project Workshop was held  at European Institute of Membranes (IEM), University of Montpellier, France on September 26-27, 2023. The workshop was focused on the theme of "Commercializing Biosensors, Intellectual Property, and Knowledge Transfer from Academia to Industry.

 
IEEE NAP 2023: 2023 IEEE 13th International Conference “Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties” Sep 10, 2023 - Sep 15, 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia

altDr. Oleksiy Gogotsi and Veronika Zahorodna visited IEEE NAP 2023 conference held in Bratislava on September 10-15, 2023. The prime focus of the IEEE NAP-2023 was on nanoscale materials with emphasis on interdisciplinary research exploring and exploiting their unique physical and chemical proprieties for practical applications.

 
Visit to CEST labs in Wiener Neustadt (Low Energy Ion Scattering, Batteries development) and TU Vienna (ELSA, SFA)

altDirector of MRC and Carbon-Ukraine Dr. Oleksiy Gogotsi visited CEST labs in Wiener Neustadt (Low Energy Ion Scattering, Batteries development) and TU Vienna (ELSA, SFA). He meet with Dr. Pierluigi Bilotto, Dr. Chriatian Pichler and their colleagues, discussing novel materials and r&d activities for new technologies.

 
MX-MAP Session at YUCOMAT Conference 2023 "Towards MXenes’ biomedical applications by high-dimensional immune MAPping", HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01 project MX-MAP.

altMX-MAP Session was held during the YUCOMAT Conference 2023 titled: "Towards MXenes’ biomedical applications by high-dimensional immune MAPping", HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01 project MX-MAP.

 
THE TWENTY-FOURTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE YUCOMAT 2023, HERCEG NOVI, MONTENEGRO, September 04-08, 2023

altThe conference was organised by the Materials Research Society of Sebia and supported by MRS-Singapore with the participation of a pleiad of distinguished scientists.

 
CANBIOSE secondment visit of Dr. Oleksiy Gogotsi and Veronika Zahorodna from MRC to European Institute of Membranes in Montpellier, France

altCANBIOSE project participants from MRC Dr. Oleksiy Gogotsi and Veronika Zahorodna performed secondment visit to project partner organization European Institute of Membranes in Montpellier (France) on August -September 2023.